Space is a fundamental element of design and is also one of the most underrated. White (or negative) space can be considered the area between different elements of a design, whether it be between the graphic elements on a page, the letters of a paragraph, or combinations of both. White space is predominantly used to arrange content for easier and ultimately faster scanning of a layout without the need to include specific separating elements. This gives the design a clean, uncluttered feel.
White space is important as it defines the content that resides in the positive space. It should not be thought of as the leftover bit for which designer didn’t create content but rather a major structural player in the layout. When designing, focus is typically on the positive space. It’s almost subconscious for designers to create negative space, as it helps shape how the positive space is arranged and read. This space should be adjusted for a better reading experience.
Designers tailor layouts so the end user has an effortless experience processing content. When viewing a cluttered design it can be frustrating to decipher where the relevant content actually is. Cluttered layouts are visually bombarding and do not provide an easy reading experience since the viewer is forced to scrutinise the layout to distinguish the elements. White space provides a buffer between elements, making it easier to find the relevant content. Designs that cram as much information into a space as possible often come across as poorly constructed and off-putting.
The utilisation of white space can be improved by analysing and refining margins – keeping them consistent in most circumstances – and by paying attention to typography. Ideally, each design should be approached differently in order to recognise and utilise white space in the most appropriate way possible.
As well as the practical benefits of clean, uncluttered design, white space can create a sense of sophistication and elegance by allowing the content to speak for itself without intrusions that can appear cheap and nasty.
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